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Buß- und Bettag
''ドイツ語:Buß- und Bettag'' (Day of repentance and prayer) was a public holiday in Germany and is still a public holiday in Saxony. In Germany, Protestant church bodies of Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist) and United denominational affiliation celebrate a day of repentance and prayer. It is now celebrated in November on the penultimate Wednesday before the beginning of the Protestant liturgical year on the first Sunday of Advent. However, it is not a statutory non-working holiday any more, except in the Free State of Saxony. In the Free State of Bavaria, it is a school holiday only. In Germany since 1952, ''ドイツ語:Volkstrauertag'' has been a public holiday commemorating not only those dying in armed conflicts, but also victims of oppression.
==Meaning and origin==
The tradition of repentance and prayer is rooted in the Book of Jonah of the Bible, where God sent out the prophet Jonah () in order to announce the inhabitants of Nineveh, that God is to overthrow the city (Book of Jonah ):
: And Jonah began to enter into the city a day's journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown. So the people of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the least of them. For word came unto the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and he laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes. And he caused it to be proclaimed and published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, taste any thing: let them not feed, nor drink water: But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily unto God: yea, let them turn every one from his evil way, and from the violence that is in their hands. Who can tell if God will turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce anger, that we perish not? And God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way; and God repented of the evil, that he had said that he would do unto them; and he did it not.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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